New Hampshire intent on making life difficult for other states

Update 7.26.2019: Gov. Sununu signed SB 242, also known as the Wayfair bill. Effective immediately, foreign taxing jurisdictions (other states) must provide advance written notice to the New Hampshire Department of Justice before imposing a sales or use tax collection obligation on a remote seller from New Hampshire, or requiring a NH remote seller to provide customer information (some states impose notice and reporting requirements on certain non-collecting sellers). In addition, the new law requires states to "provide for a deduction, reimbursement, or exemption for the cost of compliance."

A bill sitting on New Hampshire Governor Chris Sununu’s desk would require other states to jump through hoops before they could impose a sales or use tax collection obligation on a New Hampshire-based seller.

Senate Bill 242 requires “foreign taxing jurisdictions” (aka, other states) to provide written notice to the New Hampshire Department of Justice at least 45 days prior to conducting examinations of sellers in New Hampshire, imposing sales and use tax collection obligations on sellers in New Hampshire, or requesting private customer information from sellers in New Hampshire.

The written notice must provide the full legal name and address of the seller and the reasons for the request or examination. Additionally, it must:

• Cite the legal authorities that authorize imposition of a tax collection obligation on the seller
• Explain why the seller is subject to those laws

New Hampshire sellers would be required to share the foreign taxing authority’s first request for such data with the Department of Justice, so the department can “insure (sic) that the foreign taxing authority has provided the notice required.”

Despite these roadblocks, the measure doesn’t prevent New Hampshire businesses from complying with “any directive of a foreign taxing authority,” should they decide it’s in their best interest to do so. If they elect to comply with any such request immediately, they should let the Department of Justice know.

New Hampshire businesses can also elect to comply under protest.

SB 242 stipulates that a foreign taxing authority isn’t relieved of its obligation to provide the 45-day advance notice when a New Hampshire business elects to comply with its requests immediately.

When it receives the required written notice from a foreign taxing authority, the New Hampshire Department of Justice will determine whether the laws of that state “meet the requirements of the United States and New Hampshire Constitutions and, if they do, whether they can be applied to the New Hampshire remote seller or sellers based on the reasons provided in the required written notice.”

The department will consider whether the other state provides safe harbor for New Hampshire sellers that conduct limited business within the jurisdiction, whether its remote sales tax law will be enforced retroactively, and whether the other state is a member of the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement, or SST (or has adopted laws to be substantially compliant with the simplification measures adopted by the SST).

It will also consider whether the other state enforces consumer use tax collection from its residents (consumers must pay consumer use tax on taxable purchases if the seller didn’t collect sales tax at the point of sale). Finally, the department will consider whether the state’s remote sales tax laws “are fairly related to the tangible benefits provided by such state to the New Hampshire remote seller.”

Should the Department of Justice conclude that a foreign taxing authority is creating an undue burden on interstate commerce, or is violating any provision of the U.S. or New Hampshire constitutions or any other federal or state law, it may bring civil action in the name of the state against such person or state, and all that that entails. “The action may be brought in any court of competent jurisdiction.”

The bill also authorizes New Hampshire remote sellers to file an action in any court of competent jurisdiction in the event they’re “subject to collection, audit, or examination by a foreign taxing authority in connection with alleged sales tax collection or remission obligations.”

In other words: New Hampshire businesses, the state’s got your back.

SB 242 also mandates the establishment of a commission to monitor changes in federal and state-level legislation and actions concerning the imposition of tax collection obligations on New Hampshire remote sellers.

It will be interesting to see what happens if SB 242 is enacted, which it likely will be. Will other states challenge the Live Free or Die State’s actions, or simply comply with them? Will the New Hampshire Department of Justice or one or more businesses actually sue a state for trying to impose a sales or use tax collection obligation on a New Hampshire remote seller?

If so, there’s a good chance the suit wouldn’t be heard in a New Hampshire court. According to a recent ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States, a New Hampshire entity (for example) is not authorized to sue California in New Hampshire court in order to avoid collecting California use tax. Get more details here.

One thing’s for sure: The New Hampshire Department of Justice is setting itself up for a lot of work. More than 40 states have adopted remote seller sales tax laws authorizing them to impose a sales or use tax collection obligation on retailers in New Hampshire that sell into those states. Learn more about state remote sales tax laws.